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KMID : 0358120030290030219
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Journal of the Korean Public Health Association
2003 Volume.29 No. 3 p.219 ~ p.229
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The Long-term Effects of a Smoking Cessation Program for the Korean Male Adult Smokers: Based on Stages of Change
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Shin Jai-Gyu
Sohn Ae-Ree
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Abstract
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The most serious obshucting factor in quitting smohng is nicotine dependance. According to the several studies, 70-80 percent persons who quitted tobacco relapse within one year. Given this background, thls study was conducted to evaluate and compare the long-term effects of a smohng-cessation program for hospitalized smokers and outpatient smokers based on Transtheoretical Model. Four hundred fifty nine smokers completed the smoking cessation program called the 5-day stop smohng school program between January 1998 and November 2001. A standardized questionnaire was mailed to 295 men of them excluding female and adolescent smokers. A total of 83 persons who completed the smoking cessation program were contacted and surveyed using a mailed questionnaire. T or x2 Test was used to examine the effects of the program. The main results were as follows: (1) The success rates of quitting smoking were 65.3 percent in the hospitalized smokers and 52.9 percent in the outpatient smokers after smoking cessation program. No significant difference was found between two groups. In the hospitalized smoker group before attending smoking cessation program, the age of initiation of smoking was earlier (p=0.034), duration of smolung was longer (p=0.05) but tobacco consumption was not higher significantly compared to the outpatient smokers. At 1-4 years follow up, the maintenance rates of quitting smoking were 81.3 percents in the success group of the hospitalized smokers and 38.9 percents in the success group of the outpatient smokers. The maintenance rate of quitting smoking for the success group of the hospitalized smokers was significantly higher than the success group of the outpatient smokers. (2) Dunng the smoking cessation program, 59.2 percents of the hospitali7Rd smokers and 76.5 percents of the outpatient smokers reported that they had severe symptoms of dealing with smoking dependence but there was no significant difference between two groups. About 93.9 percents of the hospitalized smokers and 70.6 percents of the outpatient smokers reported that the program was ’helpful’ for overcoming of smolung dependence and there was significant difference between two groups. At completing the program, the hospitalized smokers were more confident of quitting smoking compare to the outpatient smokers (p=0.063). (3) The effect of smoking cessation program on the stages of change was evaluated. ’Preparation’ stage was 65 percents, highest among the stages before the smoking cessation program and ’Maintenance’ stage was 54.2 percents, highest among them at 1-4 years follow up (p=0.000). In conclusion, 5-day stop smoking school program upgraded the stages of change. At 1-4 years long term follow up, the success rate was higher than 50 percents. Especially, the smohng-cessation program for the hospitalized smokers had evidence and tools to help smokers quit using tobacco through changing their actual life style. The program was helpful to deal wth nicotine withdrawal and for handng the situation that may lead to relapse through enhancing self-efficacy. Programs modifying actual life style including &et, exercise and stress control education should be provided and developed rather than a simple informational education, and continuous long term follow up education should be stressed.
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KEYWORD
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smoking, intervention program, Life style behavior, Long-term effects
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